Phytoandrogens are substances produced in plants which have effects similar to testosterone in animals.
Examples
- Triterpenoids from the Eucommia ulmoides tree can act as phytoandrogens.[1]
- Drupanol is a phytoandrogen.[2]
Environmental effects
Phytoandrogens have been implicated in sex-reversal in fish.[3]
See also
References
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Androgens (incl. AASTooltip anabolic–androgenic steroid) | ARTooltip Androgen receptor agonists |
- Testosterone derivatives: Androstenediol dipropionate
- Boldenone undecylenate
- Clostebol
- Clostebol acetate
- Clostebol caproate
- Clostebol propionate
- Cloxotestosterone acetate
- Prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA)
- Prasterone enanthate (DHEA enanthate)
- Prasterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate)
- Quinbolone
- Testosterone#
- Testosterone esters (e.g., testosterone cypionate, testosterone enanthate, testosterone propionate, testosterone undecanoate, testosterone ester mixtures (Deposterona, Omnadren, Sustanon, Testoviron Depot))
- Dihydrotestosterone derivatives: Androstanolone (stanolone, dihydrotestosterone, DHT)
- Androstanolone esters
- Bolazine capronate
- Drostanolone propionate (dromostanolone propionate)
- Epitiostanol
- Mepitiostane
- Mesterolone
- Metenolone acetate (methenolone acetate)
- Metenolone enanthate (methenolone enanthate)
- Stenbolone acetate
- 19-Nortestosterone derivatives: Bolandiol dipropionate
- Nandrolone esters (e.g., nandrolone decanoate, nandrolone phenylpropionate)
- Norclostebol
- Norclostebol acetate
- Oxabolone cipionate (oxabolone cypionate)
- Trenbolone acetate
- Trenbolone hexahydrobenzylcarbonate (trenbolone cyclohexylmethylcarbonate)
- 17α-Alkylated testosterone derivatives: Bolasterone
- Calusterone
- Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone (CDMT)
- Fluoxymesterone
- Formebolone
- Metandienone (methandienone, methandrostenolone)
- Methandriol (methylandrostenediol)
- Methandriol bisenanthoyl acetate
- Methandriol dipropionate
- Methandriol propionate
- Methyltestosterone
- Methyltestosterone 3-hexyl ether
- Oxymesterone
- Penmesterol
- Tiomesterone (thiomesterone)
- 17α-Alkylated dihydrotestosterone derivatives: Androisoxazole
- Furazabol
- Mebolazine (dimethazine)
- Mestanolone
- Oxandrolone
- Oxymetholone
- Stanozolol
- 17α-Alkylated 19-nortestosterone derivatives: Ethylestrenol
- Mibolerone
- Norethandrolone
- Normethandrone (methylestrenolone, normethisterone)
- Propetandrol (propethandrol)
- 17α-Vinyltestosterone derivatives: Norvinisterone (vinylnortestosterone)
- 17α-Ethynyltestosterone derivatives: Danazol
- Gestrinone
- Progestins (e.g., ethisterone (ethynyltestosterone), levonorgestrel, norgestrel, norethisterone (norethindrone), lynestrenol, norgestrienone)
- Tibolone
- Progesterone derivatives: Medroxyprogesterone acetate
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Progonadotropins |
- Antiestrogens (e.g., tamoxifen, clomifene)
- GnRH agonists (e.g., GnRH (gonadorelin), leuprorelin)
- Gonadotropins (e.g., LHTooltip luteinizing hormone, hCGTooltip human chorionic gonadotropin)
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Antiandrogens | ARTooltip Androgen receptor antagonists |
- Steroidal: Abiraterone acetate +niraparib
- Canrenone
- Chlormadinone acetate
- Cyproterone acetate
- Delmadinone acetate
- Dienogest
- Drospirenone
- Medrogestone
- Megestrol acetate
- Nomegestrol acetate
- Osaterone acetate
- Oxendolone
- Potassium canrenoate
- Spironolactone
- Nonsteroidal: Apalutamide
- Bicalutamide
- Cimetidine
- Darolutamide
- Enzalutamide
- Flutamide
- Ketoconazole
- Nilutamide
- Seviteronel†
- Topilutamide (fluridil)
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Steroidogenesis inhibitors | 5α-Reductase |
- Alfatradiol
- Dutasteride
- Epristeride
- Finasteride
- Saw palmetto extract
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Others |
- Abiraterone acetate +niraparib
- Aminoglutethimide
- Bifluranol
- Cyproterone acetate
- Flutamide
- Ketoconazole
- Nilutamide
- Seviteronel†
- Spironolactone
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Antigonadotropins |
- D2 receptor antagonists (prolactin releasers) (e.g., domperidone, metoclopramide, risperidone, haloperidol, chlorpromazine, sulpiride)
- Estrogens (e.g., bifluranol, diethylstilbestrol, estradiol, estradiol esters, ethinylestradiol, ethinylestradiol sulfonate, paroxypropione)
- GnRH agonists (e.g., leuprorelin)
- GnRH antagonists (e.g., cetrorelix)
- Progestogens (incl., chlormadinone acetate, cyproterone acetate, hydroxyprogesterone caproate, gestonorone caproate, medroxyprogesterone acetate, megestrol acetate)
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Others |
- Androstenedione immunogens: Androvax (androstenedione albumin)
- Ovandrotone albumin (Fecundin)
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- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
- See also
- Androgen receptor modulators
- Estrogens and antiestrogens
- Progestogens and antiprogestogens
- List of androgens/anabolic steroids
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ARTooltip Androgen receptor | Agonists |
- Testosterone derivatives: 4-Androstenediol
- 4-Dehydroepiandrosterone (4-DHEA)
- 4-Hydroxytestosterone
- 4,17α-Dimethyltestosterone
- 5-Androstenedione
- 11-Ketotestosterone
- 11β-Hydroxyandrostenedione
- Adrenosterone (11-ketoandrostenedione, 11-oxoandrostenedione)
- Androstenediol (5-androstenediol)
- Androstenediol 3β-acetate
- Androstenediol 17β-acetate
- Androstenediol diacetate
- Androstenediol dipropionate
- Androstenedione (4-androstenedione)
- Atamestane
- Boldenone
- Boldione (1,4-androstadienedione)
- Clostebol
- Clostebol acetate
- Clostebol caproate
- Clostebol propionate
- Cloxotestosterone
- Cloxotestosterone acetate
- Dehydroandrosterone
- DHEA (androstenolone, prasterone; 5-DHEA)
- Exemestane
- Formestane
- Plomestane
- Quinbolone
- Silandrone
- Testosterone# (+dutasteride)
- Testosterone esters
- Polytestosterone phloretin phosphate
- 19-Nortestosterone derivatives: 7α-Methyl-19-norandrostenedione (MENT dione, trestione)
- 11β-Methyl-19-nortestosterone
- 19-Nor-5-androstenediol
- 19-Nor-5-androstenedione
- 19-Nordehydroepiandrosterone
- Bolandiol
- Bolandione (19-nor-4-androstenedione)
- Bolmantalate (nandrolone adamantoate)
- Dienedione
- Dienolone
- Dimethandrolone
- Dimethandrolone buciclate
- Dimethandrolone dodecylcarbonate
- Dimethandrolone undecanoate
- LS-1727 (nandrolone 17β-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosocarbamate)
- Methoxydienone (methoxygonadiene)
- Nandrolone
- Norclostebol
- Normethandrone (methylestrenolone, normethisterone)
- Oxabolone
- Oxabolone cipionate (oxabolone cypionate)
- Trenbolone
- Trenbolone acetate
- Trenbolone enanthate
- Trenbolone hexahydrobenzylcarbonate
- Trenbolone undecanoate
- Trendione
- Trestolone (MENT)
- Trestolone acetate
- Trestolone enanthate
- 5α-Dihydro-19-nortestosterone derivatives: 5α-Dihydronandrolone
- 5α-Dihydrotrestolone
- 19-Norandrosterone
- 17α-Alkylated testosterone derivatives: Bolasterone
- Calusterone
- Chlorodehydromethylandrostenediol (CDMA)
- Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone (CDMT)
- Chloromethylandrostenediol (CMA)
- Enestebol
- Ethyltestosterone
- Fluoxymesterone
- Formebolone
- Hydroxystenozole
- Metandienone (methandrostenolone)
- Methandriol (methylandrostenediol)
- Methandriol bisenanthoyl acetate
- Methandriol diacetate
- Methandriol dipropionate
- Methandriol propionate
- Methylclostebol (chloromethyltestosterone)
- Methyltestosterone (+esterified estrogens)
- Methyltestosterone 3-hexyl ether
- Oxymesterone
- Penmesterol
- Tiomesterone
- 17α-Alkylated 5α-dihydrotestosterone derivatives: Androisoxazole
- Desoxymethyltestosterone
- Furazabol
- Mebolazine (dimethazine)
- Mestanolone
- Metenolone
- Metenolone acetate
- Metenolone enanthate
- Methasterone
- Methyl-1-testosterone
- Methylepitiostanol
- Methylstenbolone
- Oxandrolone
- Oxymetholone
- Stanozolol
- 17α-Alkylated 19-nortestosterone derivatives: Bolenol
- Dimethyldienolone
- Dimethyltrienolone
- Ethyldienolone
- Ethylestrenol
- Methyldienolone
- Methylhydroxynandrolone (MOHN, MHN)
- Metribolone
- Mibolerone
- Norboletone
- Norethandrolone
- Propetandrol
- RU-2309
- Tetrahydrogestrinone
- 17α-Alkylated 5α-dihydro-19-nortestosterone derivatives: 5α-Dihydronorethandrolone
- 5α-Dihydronormethandrone
- 17α-Vinyltestosterone derivatives: Norvinisterone (vinylnortestosterone)
- 17α-Vinyl-19-nortestosterone derivatives: Vinyltestosterone
- 17α-Ethynyltestosterone derivatives: Danazol
- Ethinylandrostenediol
- Ethisterone (ethynyltestosterone)
- 5α-Dihydro-17α-ethynyltestosterone derivatives: 17α-Ethynyl-3α-androstanediol
- 17α-Ethynyl-3β-androstanediol
- Dihydroethisterone
- 17α-Ethynyl-19-nortestosterone derivatives: Δ4-Tibolone
- Desogestrel
- Etonogestrel
- Etynodiol
- Gestodene
- Gestrinone
- Levonorgestrel
- Levonorgestrel esters (e.g., levonorgestrel butanoate)
- Lynestrenol
- Lynestrenol phenylpropionate
- Norethisterone
- Norethisterone esters (e.g., norethisterone acetate, norethisterone enanthate)
- Norgestrel
- Norgestrienone
- Quingestanol
- Tibolone
- 5α-Dihydro-17α-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone derivatives: 5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel
- 5α-Dihydronorethisterone
- Progesterone derivatives: 6α-Methylprogesterone
- Medroxyprogesterone acetate
- Megestrol acetate
- Others/unsorted: 3-Keto-5α-abiraterone
- 5α-Androstane
- Alternariol
- Cl-4AS-1
- Drupanol
- Trilostane
- ZM-182345
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SARMsTooltip Selective androgen receptor modulator |
- Nonsteroidal: 198RL26
- ACP-105
- AC-262,536
- Acetothiolutamide
- Acetoxolutamide
- Andarine (acetamidoxolutamide, androxolutamide, GTx-007, S-4)
- BMS-564,929
- DTIB
- Enobosarm (ostarine, MK-2866, GTx-024, S-22)
- FTBU-1
- GLPG-0492
- GSK2881078
- GSK-4336A
- GSK-8698
- LG121071 (LGD-121071)
- LGD-2226
- LGD-2941 (LGD-122941)
- LGD-3303
- LGD-4033
- LY305
- JNJ-26146900
- JNJ-28330835
- JNJ-37654032
- OPK-88004 (LY-2452473, TT-701)
- ORM-11984
- PF-06260414
- R-1
- RU-59063
- S-1
- S-23
- S-40503
- S-101479
- Vosilasarm
- Steroidal: EM-9017
- MK-0773
- S42
- TFM-4AS-1
- YK-11
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Antagonists | |
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GPRC6A | |
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- See also
- Receptor/signaling modulators
- Androgens and antiandrogens
- Estrogen receptor modulators
- Progesterone receptor modulators
- List of androgens and anabolic steroids
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