2-Pentanol[1]
|
Names
|
Preferred IUPAC name
|
Other names
2-Pentanol sec-amyl alcohol
|
Identifiers
|
CAS Number
|
|
|
|
ChEBI
|
|
ChEMBL
|
|
ChemSpider
|
|
ECHA InfoCard
|
100.025.370
|
|
|
UNII
|
|
|
|
InChI=1S/C5H12O/c1-3-4-5(2)6/h5-6H,3-4H2,1-2H3 Y Key: JYVLIDXNZAXMDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C5H12O/c1-3-4-5(2)6/h5-6H,3-4H2,1-2H3 Key: JYVLIDXNZAXMDK-UHFFFAOYAY
|
|
Properties
|
Chemical formula
|
C5H12O
|
Molar mass
|
88.150 g·mol−1
|
Appearance
|
Colorless liquid
|
Density
|
0.812 g/cm3
|
Melting point
|
−73 °C (−99 °F; 200 K)
|
Boiling point
|
119.3 °C (246.7 °F; 392.4 K)
|
|
45 g/L
|
Solubility
|
soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform
|
Vapor pressure
|
0.804 kPa
|
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)
|
−69.1·10−6 cm3/mol
|
Viscosity
|
3.470 mPa·s
|
Thermochemistry
|
Heat capacity (C)
|
2.716 J·g−1·K−1 (liquid)
|
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298)
|
−365.2 kJ·mol−1 (liquid) −311.0 kJ·mol−1 (gas)
|
Hazards
|
Flash point
|
34 °C (93 °F; 307 K)
|
Autoignition temperature
|
343 °C (649 °F; 616 K)
|
Explosive limits
|
1.2–9%
|
Related compounds
|
Related compounds
|
Amyl alcohol
|
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
|
2-Pentanol (IUPAC name: pentan-2-ol; also called sec-amyl alcohol) is an organic chemical compound. It is used as a solvent and an intermediate in the manufacturing of other chemicals. 2-Pentanol is a component of many mixtures of amyl alcohols sold industrially. 2-Pentanol is chiral and thus can be obtained as either of two stereoisomers designated as (R)-(−)-2-pentanol and (S)-(+)-2-pentanol.
2-Pentanol has been detected in fresh bananas by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, at an abundance of 14.26±2.63 ppm.[2]
Reactions
2-Pentanol can be manufactured by hydration of pentene.[3]
See also
References
- ^
Lide, David R. (1998), Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.), Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, pp. 3–454, 5–42, 6–188, 8–102, 15–23, ISBN 0-8493-0594-2
- ^
Jordán, María J.; Tandon, Kawaljit; Shaw, Philip E.; Goodner, Kevin L. (2001), "Aromatic Profile of Aqueous Banana Essence and Banana Fruit by Gas Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Gas Chromatography−Olfactometry (GC-O)", Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49 (10): 4813–4817, Bibcode:2001JAFC...49.4813J, doi:10.1021/jf010471k, PMID 11600027
- ^
McKetta, John J.; Cunningham, William Aaron (1977), Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design, vol. 3, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, pp. 280–281, ISBN 978-0-8247-2480-1, retrieved 2010-01-17
Alcohols |
---|
By consumption | Alcohols found in alcoholic drinks | |
---|
Medical alcohol |
- Ethchlorvynol
- Methylpentynol
- Methanol poisoning
|
---|
Toxic alcohols | |
---|
|
---|
Primary alcohols (1°) | Methanol |
- 4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol
- Aminomethanol
- Cyclohexylmethanol
- Methoxymethanol
- Methylazoxymethanol
- Trifluoromethanol
|
---|
Ethanol |
- 1-Aminoethanol
- 2,2,2-Trichloroethanol
- 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol
- 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol
- 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol
- 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol
- 2-Butoxyethanol
- 2-Chloroethanol
- 2-Ethoxyethanol
- 2-Fluoroethanol
- 2-Mercaptoethanol
- 2-Methoxyethanol
- Aminoethylethanolamine
- Diethylethanolamine
- Dimethylethanolamine
- Ethanol
- Ethanolamine
- N,N-Diisopropylaminoethanol
- N-Methylethanolamine
- Phenoxyethanol
- Tribromoethanol
|
---|
Butanol | |
---|
Straight-chain saturated C1 — C9 | |
---|
Straight-chain saturated C10 — C19 | |
---|
Straight-chain saturated C20 — C29 |
- 1-Icosanol (arachidyl)
- 1-Heneicosanol
- 1-Docosanol (behenyl)
- 1-Tricosanol
- 1-Tetracosanol (lignoceryl)
- 1-Pentacosanol
- 1-Hexacosanol (ceryl)
- 1-Heptacosanol
- 1-Octacosanol (cluytyl / montanyl)
- 1-Nonacosanol
|
---|
Straight-chain saturated C30 — C39 |
- 1-Triacontanol (melissyl / myricyl)
- 1-Hentriacontanol
- 1-Dotriacontanol (lacceryl)
- 1-Tritriacontanol
- 1-Tetratriacontanol (geddyl)
- 1-Pentatriacontanol
- 1-Hexatriacontanol
- 1-Heptatriacontanol
- 1-Octatriacontanol
- 1-Nonatriacontanol
|
---|
Straight-chain saturated C40 — C49 |
- 1-Tetracontanol
- 1-Hentetracontanol
- 1-Dotetracontanol
- 1-Tritetracontanol
- 1-Tetratetracontanol
- 1-Pentatetracontanol
- 1-Hexatetracontanol
- 1-Heptatetracontanol
- 1-Octatetracontanol
- 1-Nonatetracontanol
|
---|
- 2-Ethylhexanol
- Allyl alcohol
- Anisyl alcohol
- Benzyl alcohol
- Cinnamyl alcohol
- Crotyl alcohol
- Furfuryl alcohol
- Isoamyl alcohol
- Neopentyl alcohol
- Nicotinyl alcohol
- Perillyl alcohol
- Phenethyl alcohol
- Prenol
- Propargyl alcohol
- Salicyl alcohol
- Tryptophol
- Vanillyl alcohol
- Veratrole alcohol
|
---|
Secondary alcohols (2°) | |
---|
Tertiary alcohols (3°) | |
---|
Hydric alcohols | Monohydric alcohols | |
---|
Dihydric alcohols |
- Ethylene glycol
- Propylene glycol
|
---|
Trihydric alcohols | |
---|
Polyhydric alcohols (sugar alcohols) |
- Pentaerythritol
- Ethylene glycol (C2)
- Glycerol, Propylene glycol (C3)
- Erythritol, Threitol (C4)
- Xylitol (C5)
- Mannitol, Sorbitol (C6)
- Volemitol (C7)
|
---|
|
---|
Amyl alcohols | |
---|
Aromatic alcohols |
- Benzyl alcohol
- 2,4-Dichlorobenzyl alcohol
- 3-Nitrobenzyl alcohol
|
---|
Saturated fatty alcohols | |
---|
Branched and unsaturated fatty alcohols | |
---|
Sugar alcohols | C1 — C7 |
- Methylene glycol (C1)
- Ethylene glycol (C2)
- Glycerol (C3)
- Erythritol (C4)
- Threitol (C4)
- Arabitol (C5)
- Ribitol (C5)
- Xylitol (C5)
- Mannitol (C6)
- Sorbitol (C6)
- Galactitol (C6)
- Iditol (C6)
- Volemitol (C7)
|
---|
Deoxy sugar alcohols | |
---|
Cyclic sugar alcohols | |
---|
Glycylglycitols |
- Maltitol
- Lactitol
- Isomalt
- Maltotriitol
- Maltotetraitol
- Polyglycitol
|
---|
|
---|
Terpene alcohols | Monoterpene alcohols |
- Borneol
- Citronellol
- Geraniol
- Linalool
- Menthol
- Nerol
- Rhodinol
- Terpineol
|
---|
Sesquiterpene alcohols | |
---|
Diterpene alcohols | |
---|
|
---|
Dialcohols |
- 1,4-Butanediol
- 1,5-Pentanediol
- 2-Methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol
- Diethylpropanediol
- Ethylene glycol
|
---|
Trialcohols | |
---|
Sterols | |
---|
Fluoroalcohols |
- 1,3-Difluoro-2-propanol
- 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol
- 2-Fluoroethanol
- Nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol
- Trifluoromethanol
|
---|
Preparations |
- Substitution of haloalkane
- Carbonyl reduction
- Ether cleavage
- Hydrolysis of epoxide
- Hydration of alkene
- Ziegler process
|
---|
Reactions |
- Deprotonation
- Protonation
- Alcohol oxidation
- Nucleophilic substitution
- Fischer–Speier esterification
- Williamson ether synthesis
- Elimination reaction
- Nucleophilic substitution of carbonyl group
- Friedel-Crafts alkylation
- Nucleophilic conjugate addition
- Transesterification
|
---|
|